Session 10 - managing thinking errors

Although this course is primarily a course of mindfulness we wanted to include a brief introduction on how you might challenge negative thoughts and interpretations as they come your way.


Challenging thoughts is another way of training your mind to better interpret situations. We can get dragged along with the autopilot of thoughts and these interpretations 'become fact' even when there may be no tangible evidence to back them up.


When we are in the throes of negative thought processes our irrational mind may not be too receptive to a rational mindset and may simply dismiss anything that contradicts subconscious beliefs.


In this instance it wouldn't be wise to insist on challenging the thoughts in the actual moment. You'd be wiser to focus on the mindfulness practice and return to thought challenging when the mind is more receptive to the rational mindset.


Being able to challenge your thoughts is an important tool in your mindfulness toolbox because it helps to create a new habit of stepping back from automatic interpretations and training the mind to see things from a different angle.

Taking note of thinking errors

Once you recognise your thinking errors, you can begin trying to challenge those thoughts. Look for exceptions to the rule and gather evidence that your thoughts aren't 100% true. Then, you can begin replacing them with more realistic and rational thoughts.


The goal doesn't need to be to replace negative thoughts with overly idealistic or positive ones. Instead, we replace them with realistic and more rational alternatives. Challenging the way you think takes a lot of effort initially, but with practice, you'll notice big changes—not just in the way you think, but also in the way you feel and behave. You can make peace with the past, look at the present differently, and think about the future in a way that will support your chances of reaching your goals.


Take Time to Be Aware of Your Thinking Errors. 


Thoughts are not fact…they are thoughts. When you can be more aware of your thinking errors you give yourself the opportunity to see a situation for what it is, not how your mind interprets it. In week 1 you started the process of recognising your autopilot thoughts that have a negative impact on you. It is advised that you continue this process and ensure it is ongoing.


De-Catastrophising Your Thoughts


When you are aware of negative autopilot thoughts you can mindfully challenge them. The bullet points below give you a general idea of the challenging questions you can pose in order to step back from the thoughts to create a more positive perspective. 


 

  • What hard evidence supports my thought or interpretation?

 

 

  • Is there any evidence that may contradict my thought and interpretation?

 

 

  • Is there a more accurate perspective of the event?

 

 

  • By being rational with my thoughts, what is the most likely outcome of the situation I am catastrophising, worrying or being critical of?

 

 

  • What practical steps can I take to deal with the situation that will have a more positive impact on my wellbeing?

 


Creating Awareness


You will not just start challenging your thoughts by reading these pages. It is important with the cognitive awareness exercise you started on session 2 that you create enough awareness of your negative thinking patterns. 


In addition, create reminders to remind yourself to be on the lookout for particular thoughts, feelings, urges and actions that have a negative impact on you.

  • What thoughts are easier top challenge?

    When a thought doesn’t make sense, we call it irrational. “My new partner is bound to cheat on me” is irrational and difficult to break down to challenge. One challenging point will open up another and the spiral can continue. “My boyfriend is fed up with me”, is irrational because it would be hard to create a process to challenge the thought. 


    When something, (or someone), is irrational then it is difficult to rationalise or make sense of it. It’s like having an argument with someone who has their viewpoint and not prepared to hear any other. We would say this person is being irrational and it would be very hard to get any resolution. We develop a positive way to manage the situation and move on.


    The same can be said with regards to our own negative chatter. When we are aware of irrational thought processes, rather than fighting the thoughts and creating more internal conflict, we use our mindfulness skills to label the thought as an irrational thought and focus our attention on the informal mindfulness skills you are learning during this course. There’s no point in flip flopping with a thought that will have no positive outcome.


    WHEN A THOUGHT MAKES SENSE


    When a thought makes sense albeit a negative one, we can learn to step back and challenge the thought with the de-catastrophising points on mentioned above. “I won’t be able to do the project”, can be successfully challenged by seeking evidence that contradicts this thought based on previous experiences and actual knowledge about self.


    “My girlfriend doesn’t love me”, can be successfully challenged because we can look for the evidence where she does things for me in her own way which shows her love.



    What if you feel too anxious or angry to be in the mindset to challenge a thought?


    The rule of thumb is; if you experience any negative emotion, use an informal mindfulness exercise to manage 'you' in the moment in a constructive way. When you have succeeded in stepping down from the emotional autopilot, then you can challenge your thinking errors. 


    You will learn to create more awareness of a thought that can be successfully challenged and those thoughts that cannot be rationally challenged. 


    If it can be challenged to create a more reasonable response then do. If there is no reasonable path to challenging a thought, recognise that and don’t waste your energy going in to further battle.  

  • Managing worry

    We can all find ourselves worrying about things, that if we step back, are not worthy of worry. Worrying can have a negative impact and further fuel feelings of stress, anxiety and in some cases depression.


    A way in which we can come off the autopilot worrying mind is to turn in to the thoughts and challenge them.


    • What is my current worry?

    • Is this worry an actual problem that I can solve?

    • If Yes, what practical actions can I take to solve the problem? Step 1, step 2….

    • If not, what activities can I turn my attention to instead of focusing on my worrying thoughts?

    If you have been able to challenge worrying thoughts with these points use your journal to note how, using this approach, did it change the outcome of your worrying thoughts or the way in which you managed them?


    Being Mindfully Aware of Your Cognitive Processes


    Mindfulness teaches that we, “Pay attention: on purpose, in a particular way, in the present moment and non-judgmentally”.


    We either do this as a deliberate act as a formal meditation which forms part of our committed daily practice.


    Or…

     

    We use mindfulness practice to step back from our autopilot thoughts. For this to be effective we need to be more aware of the thoughts we need to be aware of.

Practical exercise

Each day you are invited to capture at least one negative thought of any description and run through these challenging questions:

 

  • What, if any, hard evidence supports my thought or interpretation?

 

 

  • Is there any evidence that may contradict my thought and interpretation?

 

 

  • Is there a more accurate perspective of the event?

 

 

  • By being rational with my thoughts, what is the most likely outcome of the situation I am catastrophising, worrying or being critical of?

 

 

  • What practical steps can I take to deal with the situation that will have a more positive impact on my wellbeing?

 

 

  • It’s best to use a blank sheet of paper to challenge your thoughts until you are familiar with the questions and you can run through them effectively in your mind.

 

By becoming aware of yourself when your autopilot mind is in negative territory, you give yourself the opportunity to experience these individual moments differently by challenging the automatic mindset as well as creating more positive outcomes.


Over time this effective cognitive skill will help you to seek rational understandings which will have a positive effect on your mental and physical wellbeing.

How long to spend on this session...

The teachings from this session will be ongoing. Learning to catch a negative thought and challenge it can take some practice. Your autopilot mind will want to 'run' with the thought so you may very well find that the thought process has run away with itself before you have the chance to challenge it!


But with all things...practice makes perfect!

Mindfulness practice for this session

You are encouraged to keep your mindfulness practice from session 2 and 3 going to include:


  • Daily practice of the mini 2 minute breath meditations at least 6 times each day.


  • Practice with the formal breath focus meditations from session 2


This practice is not exhaustive even if it feels it is! The key is to schedule your practice and aim to fit it in so it compliments your day.


Cognitive awareness exercise


It is important that you continue to recognise where mindfulness practice will have its best outcomes in regard to anger management and how you manage irritations and frustration.


Take every opportunity to say take a step back and recognise what a more mindful approach is. With the continuance of an improved cognitive awareness you will naturally develop new habits of being proactive with positive responses and less reactive with negative responses.

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